Timezone converter

UTC+0 = Greenwich · Coordinated Universal Time

UTC is Coordinated Universal Time, an atomic standard. All time zones are defined as offsets from UTC. Kept within 0.9 seconds of atomic clocks. In programming and aviation it's used as the single reference point.

US, EU — yes · RU, China, India — no

Daylight Saving Time shifts clocks forward by 1 hour for the summer. In effect in the US, Canada, EU, Australia. Russia abandoned it in 2011, China never used it. Because of DST, winter and summer offsets can differ: EDT (UTC-4) vs EST (UTC-5).

India: +5:30 · Nepal: +5:45 · Iran: +3:30

Not every zone is a whole hour. India (IST) — UTC+5:30, Nepal (NPT) — UTC+5:45, Iran (IRST) — UTC+3:30, parts of Australia — UTC+9:30. The reason is historical: countries chose an offset that matched sun time in the capital.

Europe/Moscow · America/New_York

The canonical timezone database is IANA Time Zone Database (tzdata). Format is 'Region/City'. Accounts for historical changes: DST rules, moves, abolitions. Updated several times per year. Used across Unix systems, JavaScript, Python and most databases.

22:02Z = 22:02 UTC · 22:02+03:00 = 19:02 UTC

The tail of a timestamp says which zone the time is written in. “Z” means zero — a suffix from aviation and military standards, where the zero zone is called Zulu. “+03:00” means the time shown is **ahead** of UTC by three hours, so getting to UTC means subtracting, not adding. The sign is the most common mistake when reading mail headers and logs, and it is not obvious: the time still looks plausible, it just refers to a different moment.

Kaliningrad +2 · Moscow +3 · Kamchatka +12

From Kaliningrad (UTC+2) to Kamchatka (UTC+12) — eleven zones and ten hours of difference inside one country: when the working day ends in Moscow, it is the middle of the night in Vladivostok. Clocks have not been changed since 2014, so the offset of any Russian zone is the same in winter and summer — unlike Europe and the US, where the difference from Moscow shifts twice a year.

23 March — 18 September · up to 7 dark hours in winter

For half the year it is daytime somewhere in the country at every moment: the sun is still setting on the Baltic Spit while it is already rising in Chukotka, and beyond the Arctic Circle the polar day is under way. We computed solar elevation at the country's extreme points across a year — there are exactly 180 such days, from 23 March to 18 September. On the remaining 185 the whole of Russia goes dark at once: over seven hours straight in mid-December, and the last place to hold the sun is Ratmanov Island in the Bering Strait.